The location at which the control operator function is performed
The on/off switch of the transmitter
The input/output port of a packet controller
The variable frequency oscillator of a transmitter
;T1A02
#What is the term for the location at which the control operator function is performed?
The control point
The operating desk
The station location
The manual control location
;T1A03
#What must you do to renew or change your operator/primary station license?
Properly fill out FCC Form 610 and send it to the FCC in Gettysburg, PA
Properly fill out FCC Form 610 and send it to the nearest FCC field office
Properly fill out FCC Form 610 and send it to the FCC in Washington, DC
An amateur license never needs changing or renewing
;T1A04
#What is the "grace period" during which the FCC will renew an expired 10-year license?
2 years
5 years
10 years
There is no grace period
;T1A05
#Which of the following frequencies may a Technician operator who has passed a Morse code test use?
21.1 - 21.2 MHz
7.1 - 7.2 MHz
14.1 - 14.2 MHz
28.1 - 29.2 MHz
;T1A06
#Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 52.525 MHz?
Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only
Extra, Advanced only
Extra, Advanced, General only
Extra, Advanced, General, Technician, Novice
;T1A07
#Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 146.52 MHz?
Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only
Extra, Advanced, General, Technician, Novice
Extra, Advanced, General only
Extra, Advanced only
;T1A08
#Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 223.50 MHz?
Extra, Advanced, General, Technician, Novice
Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only
Extra, Advanced, General only
Extra, Advanced only
;T1A09
#Which operator licenses authorize privileges on 446.0 MHz?
Extra, Advanced, General, Technician only
Extra, Advanced, General, Technician, Novice
Extra, Advanced, General only
Extra, Advanced only
;T1A10
#In addition to passing the Technician written examination (Elements 2 and 3A), what must you do before you are allowed to use amateur frequencies below 30 MHz?
You must pass a Morse code test (either Element 1A, 1B or 1C)
Nothing special is needed; all Technicians may use the HF bands at any time
You must notify the FCC that you intend to operate on the HF bands
You must attend a class to learn about HF communications
;T1A11
#If you are a Technician licensee, what must you have to prove that you are authorized to use the Novice amateur frequencies below 30 MHz?
Written proof of having passed a Morse code test
A certificate from the FCC showing that you have notified them that you will be using the HF bands
A certificate from an instructor showing that you have attended a class in HF communications
No special proof is required before using the HF bands
;T1B01
#At what point in your station is transceiver power measured?
At the antenna terminals of the transmitter or amplifier
At the power supply terminals inside the transmitter or amplifier
At the final amplifier input terminals inside the transmitter or amplifier
On the antenna itself, after the feed line
;T1B02
#What is the term for the average power supplied to an antenna transmission line during one RF cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope?
Peak envelope power
Peak transmitter power
Peak output power
Average radio-frequency power
;T1B03
#What is the maximum transmitting power permitted an amateur station in beacon operation?
100 watts PEP output
10 watts PEP output
500 watts PEP output
1500 watts PEP output
;T1B04
#If the FCC rules say that the amateur service is a secondary user of a frequency band, and another service is a primary user, what does this mean?
Amateurs are allowed to use the frequency band only if they do not cause harmful interference to primary users
Nothing special; all users of a frequency band have equal rights to operate
Amateurs are only allowed to use the frequency band during emergencies
Amateurs must increase transmitter power to overcome any interference caused by primary users
;T1B05
#If you are using a frequency within a band assigned to the amateur service on a secondary basis, and a station assigned to the primary service on that band causes interference, what action should you take?
Change frequencies; you may be causing harmful interference to the other station, in violation of FCC rules
Notify the FCC's regional Engineer in Charge of the interference
Increase your transmitter's power to overcome the interference
Attempt to contact the station and request that it stop the interference
;T1B06
#What rule applies if two amateur stations want to use the same frequency?
Both station operators have an equal right to operate on the frequency
The station operator with a lesser class of license must yield the frequency to a higher-class licensee
The station operator with a lower power output must yield the frequency to the station with a higher power output
Station operators in ITU Regions 1 and 3 must yield the frequency to stations in ITU Region 2
;T1B07
#What emission type may always be used for station identification, regardless of the transmitting frequency?
CW
RTTY
MCW
Phone
;T1B08
#On what frequencies within the 6-meter band may phone emissions be transmitted?
50.1 - 54.0 MHz only
50.0 - 54.0 MHz only
51.0 - 54.0 MHz only
52.0 - 54.0 MHz only
;T1B09
#On what frequencies within the 2-meter band may image emissions be transmitted?
144.1 - 148.0 MHz only
146.0 - 148.0 MHz only
144.0 - 148.0 MHz only
146.0 - 147.0 MHz only
;T1B10
#What is the maximum transmitting power permitted an amateur station on 146.52 MHz?
1500 watts PEP output
200 watts PEP output
500 watts ERP
1000 watts DC input
;T1B11
#Which band may NOT be used by Earth stations for satellite communications?
6 meters
2 meters
70 centimeters
23 centimeters
;T1C01
#If you are a Novice licensee with a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination (CSCE) for Technician privileges, how do you identify your station when transmitting on 146.34MHz?
You must give your call sign, followed by any suitable word that denotes the slant mark and the identifier "KT"
You may not operate on 146.34 until your new license arrives
No special form of identification is needed
You must give your call sign and the location of the VE examination where you obtained the CSCE
;T1C02
#What is the maximum frequency shift permitted for RTTY or data transmissions below 50 MHz?
1 kHz
0.1 kHz
0.5 kHz
5 kHz
;T1C03
#What is the maximum frequency shift permitted for RTTY or data transmissions above 50 MHz?
The FCC rules do not specify a maximum frequency shift above 50 MHz
0.1 kHz or the sending speed, in bauds, whichever is greater
0.5 kHz or the sending speed, in bauds, whichever is greater
5 kHz or the sending speed, in bauds, whichever is greater
;T1C04
#What is the maximum symbol rate permitted for packet transmissions on the 10-meter band?
1200 bauds
300 bauds
19.6 kilobauds
56 kilobauds
;T1C05
#What is the maximum symbol rate permitted for packet transmissions on the 2-meter band?
19.6 kilobauds
300 bauds
1200 bauds
56 kilobauds
;T1C06
#What is the maximum symbol rate permitted for RTTY or data transmissions between 28 and 50 MHz?
1200 bauds
56 kilobauds
19.6 kilobauds
300 bauds
;T1C07
#What is the maximum symbol rate permitted for RTTY or data transmissions between 50 and 222 MHz?
19.6 kilobauds
56 kilobauds
1200 bauds
300 bauds
;T1C08
#What is the maximum authorized bandwidth of RTTY, data or multiplexed emissions using an unspecified digital code within the frequency range of 50 to 222 MHz?
20 kHz
50 kHz
The total bandwidth shall not exceed that of a single-sideband phone emission
The total bandwidth shall not exceed 10 times that of a CW emission
;T1C09
#What is the maximum symbol rate permitted for RTTY or data transmissions above 222 MHz?
56 kilobauds
300 bauds
1200 bauds
19.6 kilobauds
;T1C10
#What is the maximum authorized bandwidth of RTTY, data or multiplexed emissions using an unspecified digital code within the frequency range of 222 to 450 MHz
100 kHz
50 kHz
150 kHz
200 kHz
;T1C11
#What is the maximum authorized bandwidth of RTTY, data or multiplexed emissions using an unspecified digital code within the 70-cm amateur band?
100 kHz
300 kHz
200 kHz
50 kHz
;T1D01
#What is an amateur station called which transmits communications for the purpose of observation of propagation and reception?
A beacon
A repeater
An auxiliary station
A radio control station
;T1D02
#What is the fastest code speed a repeater may use for automatic identification?
20 words per minute
13 words per minute
25 words per minute
There is no limitation
;T1D03
#If you are using a language besides English to make a contact, what language must you use when identifying your station?
English
The language being used for the contact
The language being used for the contact, providing the US has a third-party communications agreement with that country
Any language of a country which is a member of the International Telecommunication Union
;T1D04
#What do the FCC rules suggest you use as an aid for correct station identification when using phone?
A phonetic alphabet
A speech compressor
Q signals
Unique words of your choice
;T1D05
#What minimum class of amateur license must you hold to operate a beacon station?
Technician
Novice
General
Amateur Extra
;T1D06
#If a repeater is causing harmful interference to another repeater and a frequency coordinator has recommended the operation of one station only, who is responsible for resolving the interference?
The licensee of the unrecommended repeater
Both repeater licensees
The licensee of the recommended repeater
The frequency coordinator
;T1D07
#If a repeater is causing harmful interference to another amateur repeater and a frequency coordinator has recommended the operation of both stations, who is responsible for resolving thr interference?
Both repeater licensees
The licensee of the repeater which has been recommended for the longest period of time
The licensee of the repeater which has been recommended the most recently
The frequency coordinator
;T1D08
#If a repeater is causing harmful interference to another repeater and a frequency coordinator has NOT recommended either station, who is primarily responsible for resolving the interference?
Both repeater licensees
The licensee of the repeater which has been in operation for the longest period of time
The licensee of the repeater which has been in operation for the shortest period of time
The frequency coordinator
;T1D09
#What minimum information must be on a label affixed to a transmitter used for telecommand (control) of model craft?
Station call sign and the station licensee's name and address
Station call sign
Station call sign and the station licensee's name
Station call sign and the station licensee's class of license
;T1D10
#What are the station identification requirements for an amateur transmitter used for telecommand (control) of model craft?
Station identification is not required if the transmitter is labeled with the station licensee's name, address and call sign
Once every ten minutes
Once every ten minutes, and at the beginning and end of each transmission
At the beginning and end of each transmission
;T1D11
#What is the maximum transmitter power an amateur station is allowed when used for telecommand (control) of model craft?
One watt
One milliwatt
Two watts
Three watts
;T1E01
#What is meant by the term broadcasting?
Transmissions intended for reception by the general public, either direct or relayed
Retransmission by automatic means of programs or signals from non-amateur stations
One-way radio communications, regardless of purpose or content
One-way or two-way radio communications between two or more stations
;T1E02
#Which of the following one-way communications may not be transmitted in the amateur service?
Broadcasts intended for the general public
Telecommands to model craft
Brief transmissions to make adjustments to the station
Morse code practice
;T1E03
#What kind of payment is allowed for third-party messages sent by an amateur station?
No payment of any kind is allowed
Any amount agreed upon in advance
Donation of equipment repairs
Donation of amateur equipment
;T1E04
#When may you send obscene words from your amateur station?
Never; obscene words are prohibited in amateur transmissions
Only when they do not cause interference to other communications
Only when they are not retransmitted through a repeater
Any time, but there is an unwritten rule among amateurs that they should not be used on the air
;T1E05
#When may you send indecent words from your amateur station?
Never; indecent words are prohibited in amateur transmissions
Only when they do not cause interference to other communications
Only when they are not retransmitted through a repeater
Any time, but there is an unwritten rule among amateurs that they should not be used on the air
;T1E06
#When may you send profane words from your amateur station?
Never; profane words are prohibited in amateur transmissions
Only when they do not cause interference to other communications
Only when they are not retransmitted through a repeater
Any time, but there is an unwritten rule among amateurs that they should not be used on the air
;T1E07
#If you wanted to use your amateur station to retransmit communications between a space shuttle and its associated Earth stations, what agency must first give its approval?
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The FCC in Washington, DC
The office of your local FCC Engineer In Charge (EIC)
The Department of Defense
;T1E08
#When are third-party messages allowed to be sent to a foreign country?
When the US has a third-party agreement with the foreign country or the third party is qualified to be a control operator
When sent by agreement of both control operators
When the third party speaks to a relative
They are not allowed under any circumstances
;T1E09
#If you let an unlicensed third party use your amateur station, what must you do at your station's control point?
You must continuously monitor and supervise the third-party's participation
You must monitor and supervise the communication only if contacts are made in countries which have no third-party communications agreement with the US
You must monitor and supervise the communication only if contacts are made on frequencies below 30 MHz
You must key the transmitter and make the station identification
;T1E10
#If a disaster disrupts normal communication systems in an area where the amateur service is regulated by the FCC, what kinds of transmissions may stations make?
Those which are necessary to meet essential communication needs and facilitate relief actions
Those which allow a commercial business to continue to operate in the affected area
Those for which material compensation has been paid to the amateur operator for delivery into the affected area
Those which are to be used for program production or newsgathering for broadcasting purposes
;T1E11
#What information is included in an FCC declaration of a temporary state of communication emergency?
Any special conditions and special rules to be observed during the emergency
A list of organizations authorized to use radio communications in the affected area
A list of amateur frequency bands to be used in the affected area
An operating schedule for authorized amateur emergency stations
An area of the outer atmosphere where enough ions and free electrons exist to propagate radio waves
An area between two air masses of different temperature and humidity, along which radio waves can travel
An ionized path in the atmosphere where lightning has struck
An area of the atmosphere where weather takes place
;T3A02
#What is the name of the area that makes long-distance radio communications possible by bending radio waves?
Ionosphere
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Magnetosphere
;T3A03
#What causes the ionosphere to form?
Solar radiation ionizing the outer atmosphere
Temperature changes ionizing the outer atmosphere
Lightning ionizing the outer atmosphere
Release of fluorocarbons into the atmosphere
;T3A04
#What type of solar radiation is most responsible for ionization in the outer atmosphere?
Ultraviolet
Thermal
Ionized particle
Microwave
;T3A05
#Which ionospheric region limits daytime radio communications on the 80-meter band to short distances?
D region
E region
F1 region
F2 region
;T3A06
#Which ionospheric region is closest to the earth?
The D region
The A region
The E region
The F region
;T3A07
#Which ionospheric region most affects sky-wave propagation on the 6-meter band?
The E region
The D region
The F1 region
The F2 region
;T3A08
#Which region of the ionosphere is the least useful for long-distance radio-wave propagation?
The D region
The E region
The F1 region
The F2 region
;T3A09
#Which region of the ionosphere is mainly responsible for long-distance sky-wave radio communications?
F2 region
D region
E region
F1 region
;T3A10
#What two sub-regions of ionosphere exist only in the daytime?
F1 and F2
Troposphere and stratosphere
Electrostatic and electromagnetic
D and E
;T3A11
#Which two daytime ionospheric regions combine into one region at night?
F1 and F2
E and F1
D and E
E1 and E2
;T3B01
#Which region of the ionosphere is mainly responsible for absorbing radio signals during the daytime?
The D region
The F2 region
The F1 region
The E region
;T3B02
#When does ionospheric absorption of radio signals occur?
When long-wavelength signals enter the D region
When tropospheric ducting occurs
When signals travel to the F region
When a temperature inversion occurs
;T3B03
#What effect does the D region of the ionosphere have on lower-frequency HF signals in the daytime?
It absorbs the signals
It bends the radio waves out into space
It refracts the radio waves back to earth
It has little or no effect on 80-meter radio waves
;T3B04
#What causes the ionosphere to absorb radio waves?
The ionization of the D region
The weather below the ionosphere
The presence of ionized clouds in the E region
The splitting of the F region
;T3B05
#What is the condition of the ionosphere just before local sunrise?
Ionization is at a minimum
Atmospheric attenuation is at a maximum
The D region is above the E region
The E region is above the F region
;T3B06
#When is the ionosphere most ionized?
Midday
Dusk
Midnight
Dawn
;T3B07
#When is the ionosphere least ionized?
Shortly before dawn
Just after noon
Just after dusk
Shortly before midnight
;T3B08
#When is the E region most ionized?
Midday
Dawn
Dusk
Midnight
;T3B09
#What happens to signals higher in frequency than the critical frequency?
They pass through the ionosphere
They are absorbed by the ionosphere
Their frequency is changed by the ionosphere to be below the maximum usable frequency
They are reflected back to their source
;T3B10
#What causes the maximum usable frequency to vary?
The amount of radiation received from the sun, mainly ultraviolet
The temperature of the ionosphere
The speed of the winds in the upper atmosphere
The type of weather just below the ionosphere
;T3B11
#What does maximum usable frequency mean?
The highest frequency signal that will reach its intended destination
The lowest frequency signal that will reach its intended destination
The highest frequency signal that is most absorbed by the ionosphere
The lowest frequency signal that is most absorbed by the ionosphere
;T3C01
#What kind of propagation would best be used by two stations within each other's skip zone on a certain frequency?
Scatter-mode
Ground-wave
Sky-wave
Ducting
;T3C02
#If you are receiving a weak and distorted signal from a distant station on a frequency close to the maximum usable frequency, what type of propagation is probably occurring?
Scatter
Ducting
Line-of-sight
Ground-wave
;T3C03
#How are VHF signals propagated within the range of the visible horizon?
By direct wave
By sky wave
By plane wave
By geometric wave
;T3C04
#Ducting occurs in which region of the atmosphere?
Troposphere
F2
Ectosphere
Stratosphere
;T3C05
#What effect does tropospheric bending have on 2-meter radio waves?
It lets you contact stations farther away
It causes them to travel shorter distances
It garbles the signal
It reverses the sideband of the signal
;T3C06
#What causes tropospheric ducting of radio waves?
A temperature inversion
A very low pressure area
An aurora to the north
Lightning between the transmitting and receiving stations
;T3C07
#What causes VHF radio waves to be propagated several hundred miles over oceans?
A widespread temperature inversion
A polar air mass
An overcast of cirriform clouds
A high-pressure zone
;T3C08
#In what frequency range does tropospheric ducting most often occur?
VHF
SW
MF
HF
;T3C09
#In what frequency range does sky-wave propagation least often occur?
VHF
LF
MF
HF
;T3C10
#What weather condition may cause tropospheric ducting?
A stable high-pressure system
An unstable low-pressure system
A series of low-pressure waves
Periods of heavy rainfall
;T3C11
#What band conditions might indicate long-range skip on the 6-meter and 2-meter bands?
Strong signals on the 10-meter band from stations about 500-600 miles away
Noise on the 80-meter band
The absence of signals on the 10-meter band
Very long-range skip on the 10-meter band
! 4; SUBELEMENT T4--Amateur Radio Practice (4 Exam Questions)
;T4A01
#Where should the green wire in a three-wire AC line cord be connected in a power supply?
To the chassis
To the fuse
To the "hot" side of the power switch
To the white wire
;T4A02
#Where should the black (or red) wire in a three-wire AC line cord be connected in a power supply?
To the fuse
To the white wire
To the green wire
To the chassis
;T4A03
#Where should the white wire in a three-wire AC line cord be connected in a power supply?
To the side of the power transformer's primary winding that does not have a fuse
To the side of the power transformer's primary winding that has a fuse
To the chassis
To the black wire
;T4A04
#What document is used by almost every US city as the basis for electrical safety requirements for power wiring and antennas?
The National Electrical Code
The Code of Federal Regulations
The Proceedings of the IEEE
The ITU Radio Regulations
;T4A05
#What document would you use to see if you comply with standard electrical safety rules when building an amateur antenna?
The National Electrical Code
The Code of Federal Regulations
The Proceedings of the IEEE
The ITU Radio Regulations
;T4A06
#Where should fuses be connected on a mobile transceiver's DC power cable?
In series with both the red and black wires
Between the red and black wires
In series with just the black wire
In series with just the red wire
;T4A07
#Why is the retaining screw in one terminal of a wall outlet made of brass while the other one is silver colored?
To indicate correct wiring polarity
To prevent corrosion
To better conduct current
To reduce skin effect
;T4A08
#How much electrical current flowing through the human body is usually fatal?
As little as 1/10 of an ampere
Approximately 10 amperes
More than 20 amperes
Current flow through the human body is never fatal
;T4A09
#Which body organ can be fatally affected by a very small amount of electrical current?
The heart
The brain
The liver
The lungs
;T4A10
#How much electrical current flowing through the human body is usually painful?
As little as 1/500 of an ampere
Approximately 10 amperes
More than 20 amperes
Current flow through the human body is never painful
;T4A11
#What is the minimum voltage which is usually dangerous to humans?
30 volts
100 volts
1000 volts
2000 volts
;T4A12
#Where should the main power switch for a high-voltage power supply be located?
Anywhere that can be seen and reached easily
Inside the cabinet, to kill the power if the cabinet is opened
On the back side of the cabinet, out of sight
A high-voltage power supply should not be switch-operated
;T4A13
#What precaution should you take when leaning over a power amplifier?
Watch out for loose jewelry contacting high voltage
Take your shoes off
Shield your face from the heat produced by the power supply
Watch out for sharp edges which may snag your clothing
;T4A14
#What is an important safety rule concerning the main electrical box in your home?
Make sure others in your home know where it is and how to shut off the electricity
Make sure the door cannot be opened easily
Make sure something is placed in front of the door so no one will be able to get to it easily
Warn others in your home never to touch the switches, even in an emergency
;T4A15
#What should you do if you discover someone who is being burned by high voltage?
Turn off the power, call for emergency help and give CPR if needed
Run from the area so you won't be burned too
Immediately drag the person away from the high voltage
Wait for a few minutes to see if the person can get away from the high voltage on their own, then try to help
;T4B01
#How is a voltmeter usually connected to a circuit under test?
In parallel with the circuit
In series with the circuit
In quadrature with the circuit
In phase with the circuit
;T4B02
#How can the range of a voltmeter be increased?
By adding resistance in series with the meter, between the meter and the circuit under test
By adding resistance in series with the circuit under test
By adding resistance in parallel with the circuit under test
By adding resistance in parallel with the meter, between the meter and the circuit under test
;T4B03
#What happens inside a voltmeter when you switch it from a lower to a higher voltage range?
Resistance is added in series with the meter
Resistance is added in parallel with the meter
Resistance is reduced in series with the meter
Resistance is reduced in parallel with the meter
;T4B04
#How is an ammeter usually connected to a circuit under test?
In series with the circuit
In parallel with the circuit
In quadrature with the circuit
In phase with the circuit
;T4B05
#How can the range of an ammeter be increased?
By adding resistance in parallel with the meter
By adding resistance in series with the circuit under test
By adding resistance in parallel with the circuit under test
By adding resistance in series with the meter
;T4B06
#What does a multimeter measure?
Voltage, current and resistance
SWR and power
Resistance, capacitance and inductance
Resistance and reactance
;T4B07
#Where should an RF wattmeter be connected for the most accurate readings of transmitter output power?
At the transmitter output connector
At the antenna feed point
One-half wavelength from the transmitter output
One-half wavelength from the antenna feed point
;T4B08
#At what line impedance do most RF wattmeters usually operate?
50 ohms
25 ohms
100 ohms
300 ohms
;T4B09
#What does a directional wattmeter measure?
Forward and reflected power
The directional pattern of an antenna
The energy used by a transmitter
Thermal heating in a load resistor
;T4B10
#If a directional RF wattmeter reads 90 watts forward power and 10 watts reflected power, what is the actual transmitter output power?
80 watts
10 watts
90 watts
100 watts
;T4B11
#If a directional RF wattmeter reads 96 watts forward power and 4 watts reflected power, what is the actual transmitter output power?
92 watts
80 watts
88 watts
100 watts
;T4C01
#What is a marker generator?
A high-stability oscillator that generates reference signals at exact frequency intervals
A low-stability oscillator that "sweeps" through a range of frequencies
A low-stability oscillator used to inject a signal into a circuit under test
A high-stability oscillator which can produce a wide range of frequencies and amplitudes
;T4C02
#How is a marker generator used?
To calibrate the tuning dial on a receiver
To calibrate the volume control on a receiver
To test the amplitude linearity of a transmitter
To test the frequency deviation of a transmitter
;T4C03
#What device is used to inject a frequency calibration signal into a receiver?
A crystal calibrator
A calibrated voltmeter
A calibrated oscilloscope
A calibrated wavemeter
;T4C04
#What frequency standard may be used to calibrate the tuning dial of a receiver?
Signals from WWV and WWVH
A calibrated voltmeter
A deviation meter
A sweep generator
;T4C05
#How might you check the accuracy of your receiver's tuning dial?
Tune to one of the frequencies of station WWV or WWVH
Tune to the frequency of a shortwave broadcasting station
Tune to a popular amateur net frequency
Tune to another amateur station and ask what frequency the operator is using
;T4C06
#What device produces a stable, low-level signal that can be set to a desired frequency?
A signal generator
A wavemeter
A reflectometer
An oscilloscope
;T4C07
#What is an RF signal generator used for?
Aligning tuned circuits
Measuring RF signal amplitudes
Adjusting transmitter impedance-matching networks
Measuring transmission-line impedances
;T4C08
#What device can measure an impedance mismatch in your antenna system?
A reflectometer
A field-strength meter
An ammeter
A wavemeter
;T4C09
#Where should a reflectometer be connected for best accuracy when reading the impedance match between an antenna and its feed line?
At the antenna feed point
At the transmitter output connector
At the midpoint of the feed line
Anywhere along the feed line
;T4C10
# If you use a 3-30 MHz RF power meter for VHF, how accurate will its readings be?
They will not be accurate
They will be accurate enough to get by
If it properly calibrates to full scale in the set position, they may be accurate
They will be accurate providing the readings are multiplied by 4.5
;T4C11
#If you use a 3-30 MHz SWR meter for VHF, how accurate will its readings be?
If it properly calibrates to full scale in the set position, they may be accurate
They will not be accurate
They will be accurate enough to get by
They will be accurate providing the readings are multiplied by 4.5
;T4D01
#What device should be connected to a transmitter's output when you are making transmitter adjustments?
A dummy antenna
A multimeter
A reflectometer
A receiver
;T4D02
#What is a dummy antenna?
A nonradiating load for a transmitter
An nondirectional transmitting antenna
An antenna used as a reference for gain measurements
A flexible antenna usually used on hand-held transceivers
;T4D03
#What is the main component of a dummy antenna?
A noninductive resistor
A wire-wound resistor
An iron-core coil
An air-core coil
;T4D04
#What device is used in place of an antenna during transmitter tests so that no signal is radiated?
A dummy antenna
An antenna matcher
A low-pass filter
A decoupling resistor
;T4D05
#Why would you use a dummy antenna?
For off-the-air transmitter testing
To reduce output power
To give comparative signal reports
To allow antenna tuning without causing interference
;T4D06
#What minimum rating should a dummy antenna have for use with a 100-watt single-sideband phone transmitter?
100 watts continuous
141 watts continuous
175 watts continuous
200 watts continuous
;T4D07
#Why might a dummy antenna get warm when in use?
Because it changes RF energy into heat
Because it stores electric current
Because it stores radio waves
Because it absorbs static electricity
;T4D08
#What is used to measure relative signal strength in a receiver?
An S meter
An RST meter
A signal deviation meter
An SSB meter
;T4D09
#How can exposure to a large amount of RF energy affect body tissue?
It heats the tissue
It causes radiation poisoning
It paralyzes the tissue
It produces genetic changes in the tissue
;T4D10
#Which body organ is the most likely to be damaged from the heating effects of RF radiation?
Eyes
Hands
Heart
Liver
;T4D11
#What organization has published safety guidelines for the maximum limits of RF energy near the human body?
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
;T4D12
#What is the purpose of the ANSI RF protection guide?
It gives RF exposure limits for the human body
It lists all RF frequency allocations for interference protection
It sets transmitter power limits for interference protection
It sets antenna height limits for aircraft protection
;T4D13
#According to the ANSI RF protection guide, what frequencies cause us the greatest risk from RF energy?
30 to 300 MHz
3 to 30 MHz
300 to 3000 MHz
Above 1500 MHz
;T4D14
#Why is the limit of exposure to RF the lowest in the frequency range of 30 MHz to 300 MHz, according to the ANSI RF protection guide?
The human body absorbs RF energy the most in this range
There are more transmitters operating in this range
There are fewer transmitters operating in this range
Most transmissions in this range are for a longer time
;T4D15
#According to the ANSI RF protection guide, what is the maximum safe power output to the antenna of a hand-held VHF or UHF radio?
7 watts
125 milliwatts
10 watts
25 watts
;T4D16
#After you have opened a VHF power amplifier to make internal tuning adjustments, what should you do before you turn the amplifier on?
Be certain all amplifier shielding is fastened in place
Remove all amplifier shielding to ensure maximum cooling
Make sure that the power interlock switch is bypassed so you can test the amplifier
Be certain no antenna is attached so that you will not cause any interference
#Why do modern HF transmitters have a built-in low-pass filter in their RF output circuits?
To reduce harmonic radiation
To reduce RF energy below a cutoff point
To reduce low-frequency interference to other amateurs
To reduce fundamental radiation
;T7A02
#What circuit blocks RF energy above and below a certain limit?
A band-pass filter
A high-pass filter
An input filter
A low-pass filter
;T7A03
#What type of filter is used in the IF section of receivers to block energy outside a certain frequency range?
A band-pass filter
A high-pass filter
An input filter
A low-pass filter
;T7A04
#What circuit is found in all types of receivers?
A detector
An audio filter
A beat-frequency oscillator
An RF amplifier
;T7A05
#What circuit has a variable-frequency oscillator connected to a driver and a power amplifier?
A VFO-controlled transmitter
A packet-radio transmitter
A crystal-controlled transmitter
A single-sideband transmitter
;T7A06
#What circuit combines signals from an IF amplifier stage and a beat-frequency oscillator (BFO), to produce an audio signal?
A detector circuit
An AGC circuit
A power supply circuit
A VFO circuit
;T7A07
#What circuit uses a limiter and a frequency discriminator to produce an audio signal?
An FM receiver
A double-conversion receiver
A variable-frequency oscillator
A superheterodyne receiver
;T7A08
#What circuit is pictured in Figure T7-1 if block 1 is a variable-frequency oscillator?
A VFO-controlled transmitter
A packet-radio transmitter
A crystal-controlled transmitter
A single-sideband transmitter
;T7A09
#What is the unlabeled block in Figure T7-2?
A detector
An AGC circuit
A power supply
A VFO circuit
;T7A10
#What circuit is pictured in Figure T7-3?
An FM receiver
A double-conversion receiver
A variable-frequency oscillator
A superheterodyne receiver
;T7A11
#What is the unlabeled block in Figure T7-4?
A reactance modulator
A band-pass filter
A crystal oscillator
A rectifier modulator
! 8; SUBELEMENT T8--Signals and Emissions (2 Exam Questions)
;T8A01
#What is the name for unmodulated carrier wave emissions?
Test
Phone
CW
RTTY
;T8A02
#What is the name for Morse code emissions produced by switching a transmitter's output on and off?
CW
Phone
Test
RTTY
;T8A03
#What is RTTY?
Frequency-shift-keyed telegraphy
Amplitude-keyed telegraphy
Frequency-modulated telephony
Phase-modulated telephony
;T8A04
#What is the name for packet-radio emissions?
Data
CW
Phone
RTTY
;T8A05
#How is tone-modulated Morse code produced?
By feeding an on/off keyed audio tone into a transmitter
By feeding a microphone's audio signal into an FM transmitter
By feeding an on/off keyed audio tone into a CW transmitter
By on/off keying of a carrier
;T8A06
#What is the name of the voice emission most used on VHF/UHF repeaters?
Frequency-modulated phone
Single-sideband phone
Pulse-modulated phone
Slow-scan phone
;T8A07
#What is the name of the voice emission most used on amateur HF bands?
Single-sideband phone
Pulse-modulated phone
Slow-scan phone
Frequency-modulated phone
;T8A08
#What is meant by the upper-sideband (USB)?
The part of a single-sideband signal which is above the carrier frequency
The part of a single-sideband signal which is below the carrier frequency
Any frequency above 10 MHz
The carrier frequency of a single-sideband signal
;T8A09
#What emissions are produced by a transmitter using a reactance modulator?
Phase-modulated phone
CW
Test
Single-sideband, suppressed-carrier phone
;T8A10
#What other emission does phase modulation most resemble?
Frequency modulation
Amplitude modulation
Pulse modulation
Single-sideband modulation
;T8A11
# What is the name for emissions produced by an on/off keyed audio tone?
MCW
RTTY
CW
Phone
;T8B01
#What is another name for a constant-amplitude radio-frequency signal?
An RF carrier
An AF carrier
A sideband carrier
A subcarrier
;T8B02
#What is modulation?
Varying a radio wave in some way to send information
Receiving audio information from a signal
Increasing the power of a transmitter
Suppressing the carrier in a single-sideband transmitter
;T8B03
#What kind of emission would your FM transmitter produce if its microphone failed to work?
An unmodulated carrier
A phase-modulated carrier
An amplitude-modulated carrier
A frequency-modulated carrier
;T8B04
#How would you modulate a 2-meter FM transceiver to produce packet-radio emissions?
Connect a terminal-node controller to the transceiver's microphone input
Connect a terminal-node controller to interrupt the transceiver's carrier wave
Connect a keyboard to the transceiver's microphone input
Connect a DTMF key pad to the transceiver's microphone input
;T8B05
#Why is FM voice best for local VHF/UHF radio communications?
It has high-fidelity audio which can be understood even when the signal is somewhat weak
The carrier is not detectable
It is more resistant to distortion caused by reflected signals
Its RF carrier stays on frequency better than the AM modes
;T8B06
#Why do many radio receivers have several IF filters of different bandwidths that can be selected by the operator?
Because some emission types need a wider bandwidth than others to be received properly
Because some frequency bands are wider than others
Because different bandwidths help increase the receiver sensitivity
Because different bandwidths improve S-meter readings
;T8B07
#Which list of emission types is in order from the narrowest bandwidth to the widest bandwidth?
CW, RTTY, SSB voice, FM voice
RTTY, CW, SSB voice, FM voice
CW, FM voice, RTTY, SSB voice
CW, SSB voice, RTTY, FM voice
;T8B08
#What is the usual bandwidth of a single-sideband amateur signal?
Between 2 and 3 kHz
1 kHz
2 kHz
Between 3 and 6 kHz
;T8B09
#What is the usual bandwidth of a frequency-modulated amateur signal?
Between 10 and 20 kHz
Less than 5 kHz
Between 5 and 10 kHz
Greater than 20 kHz
;T8B10
#What is the result of overdeviation in an FM transmitter?
Out-of-channel emissions
Increased transmitter power
Increased transmitter range
Poor carrier suppression
;T8B11
#What causes splatter interference?
Overmodulation of a transmitter
Keying a transmitter too fast
Signals from a transmitter's output circuit are being sent back to its input circuit
The transmitting antenna is the wrong length
! 9; SUBELEMENT T9--Antennas and Feed Lines (3 Exam Questions)
;T9A01
#What is a directional antenna?
An antenna which sends and receives radio energy mainly in one direction
An antenna which sends and receives radio energy equally well in all directions
An antenna that cannot send and receive radio energy by skywave or skip propagation
An antenna which sends and receives radio energy equally well in two opposite directions
;T9A02
#How is a Yagi antenna constructed?
Two or more straight, parallel elements are fixed in line with each other
Two or more square or circular loops are fixed in line with each other
Two or more square or circular loops are stacked inside each other
A straight element is fixed in the center of three or more elements which angle toward the ground
;T9A03
#What type of beam antenna uses two or more straight elements arranged in line with each other?
A Yagi antenna
A delta loop antenna
A quad antenna
A Zepp antenna
;T9A04
#How many directly driven elements do most beam antennas have?
One
None
Two
Three
;T9A05
#What is a parasitic beam antenna?
An antenna where some elements obtain their radio energy by induction or radiation from a driven element
An antenna where wave traps are used to magnetically couple the elements
An antenna where all elements are driven by direct connection to the feed line
An antenna where the driven element obtains its radio energy by induction or radiation from director elements
;T9A06
#What are the parasitic elements of a Yagi antenna?
Any directors or any reflectors
The driven element and any reflectors
The director and the driven element
Only the reflectors (if any)
;T9A07
#What is a cubical quad antenna?
Two or more parallel four-sided wire loops, each approximately one-electrical wavelength long
Four straight, parallel elements in line with each other, each approximately 1/2-electrical wavelength long
A vertical conductor 1/4-electrical wavelength high, fed at the bottom
A center-fed wire 1/2-electrical wavelength long
;T9A08
#What is a delta loop antenna?
A type of cubical quad antenna, except with triangular elements rather than square
A large copper ring or wire loop, used in direction finding
An antenna system made of three vertical antennas, arranged in a triangular shape
An antenna made from several triangular coils of wire on an insulating form
;T9A09
#What type of non-directional antenna is easy to make at home and works well outdoors?
A ground plane
A Yagi
A delta loop
A cubical quad
;T9A10
#What type of antenna is made when a magnetic-base whip antenna is placed on the roof of a car?
A ground plane
A Yagi
A delta loop
A cubical quad
;T9A11
#If a magnetic-base whip antenna is placed on the roof of a car, in what direction does it send out radio energy?
It goes out equally well in all horizontal directions
Most of it goes in one direction
Most of it goes equally in two opposite directions
Most of it is aimed high into the air
;T9B01
#What does horizontal wave polarization mean?
The electric lines of force of a radio wave are parallel to the earth's surface
The magnetic lines of force of a radio wave are parallel to the earth's surface
The electric lines of force of a radio wave are perpendicular to the earth's surface
The electric and magnetic lines of force of a radio wave are perpendicular to the earth's surface
;T9B02
#What does vertical wave polarization mean?
The electric lines of force of a radio wave are perpendicular to the earth's surface
The electric lines of force of a radio wave are parallel to the earth's surface
The magnetic lines of force of a radio wave are perpendicular to the earth's surface
The electric and magnetic lines of force of a radio wave are parallel to the earth's surface
;T9B03
#What electromagnetic-wave polarization does a Yagi antenna have when its elements are parallel to the earth's surface?
Horizontal
Circular
Helical
Vertical
;T9B04
#What electromagnetic-wave polarization does a half-wavelength antenna have when it is perpendicular to the earth's surface?
Vertical
Circular
Horizontal
Parabolical
;T9B05
#What electromagnetic-wave polarization does most man-made electrical noise have in the HF and VHF spectrum?
Vertical
Horizontal
Left-hand circular
Right-hand circular
;T9B06
#What does standing-wave ratio mean?
The ratio of maximum to minimum voltages on a feed line
The ratio of maximum to minimum inductances on a feed line
The ratio of maximum to minimum resistances on a feed line
The ratio of maximum to minimum impedances on a feed line
;T9B07
#What does forward power mean?
The power traveling from the transmitter to the antenna
The power radiated from the top of an antenna system
The power produced during the positive half of an RF cycle
The power used to drive a linear amplifier
;T9B08
#What does reflected power mean?
The power returned to a transmitter from an antenna
The power radiated down to the ground from an antenna
The power produced during the negative half of an RF cycle
The power returned to an antenna by buildings and trees
;T9B09
#What happens to radio energy when it is sent through a poor quality coaxial cable?
It is converted to heat in the cable
It causes spurious emissions
It is returned to the transmitter's chassis ground
It causes interference to other stations near the transmitting frequency
;T9B10
#What is an unbalanced line?
Feed line with one conductor connected to ground
Feed line with neither conductor connected to ground
Feed line with both conductors connected to ground
Feed line with both conductors connected to each other
;T9B11
#What device can be installed to feed a balanced antenna with an unbalanced feed line?
A balun
A loading coil
A triaxial transformer
A wavetrap
;T9C01
#What common connector usually joins RG-213 coaxial cable to an HF transceiver?
A PL-259 connector
An F-type cable connector
A banana plug connector
A binding post connector
;T9C02
#What common connector usually joins a hand-held transceiver to its antenna?
A BNC connector
A PL-259 connector
An F-type cable connector
A binding post connector
;T9C03
#Which of these common connectors has the lowest loss at UHF?
A type-N connector
An F-type cable connector
A BNC connector
A PL-259 connector
;T9C04
#If you install a 6-meter Yagi antenna on a tower 150 feet from your transmitter, which of the following feed lines is best?
RG-213
RG-58
RG-59
RG-174
;T9C05
#If you have a transmitter and an antenna which are 50 feet apart, but are connected by 200 feet of RG-58 coaxial cable, what should be done to reduce feed line loss?
Cut off the excess cable
Cut off the excess cable so the feed line is an even number of wavelengths long
Cut off the excess cable so the feed line is an odd number of wavelengths long
Roll the excess cable into a coil which is as small as possible
;T9C06
#As the length of a feed line is changed, what happens to signal loss?
Signal loss increases as length increases
Signal loss is the same for any length of feed line
Signal loss decreases as length increases
Signal loss is the least when the length is the same as the signal's wavelength
;T9C07
#As the frequency of a signal is changed, what happens to signal loss in a feed line?
Signal loss increases with increasing frequency
Signal loss is the same for any frequency
Signal loss increases with decreasing frequency
Signal loss is the least when the signal's wavelength is the same as the feed line's length
;T9C08
#If your antenna feed line gets hot when you are transmitting, what might this mean?
The SWR may be too high, or the feed line loss may be high
You should transmit using less power
The conductors in the feed line are not insulated very well
The feed line is too long
;T9C09
#Why should you make sure that no one can touch an open-wire feed line while you are transmitting with it?
Because high-voltage radio energy might burn the person
Because contact might cause a short circuit and damage the transmitter
Because contact might break the feed line
Because contact might cause spurious emissions
;T9C10
#For RF safety, what is the best thing to do with your transmitting antennas?
Mount the antennas where no one can come near them
Use vertical polarization
Use horizontal polarization
Mount the antenna close to the ground
;T9C11
#Why should you regularly clean, tighten and re-solder all antenna connectors?
